ITennis ingaphezu kweminyaka engu-150 futhi ingenye yemidlalo ehlonishwa kakhulu emhlabeni. Idlalwa yizigidi, ezijatshulelwe izigidi eziningi futhi igujwe ngokuhlanganiswa kwayo okuphelele kwekhono lomzimba nokuzijabulisa okumsulwa. Umdlalo uhlala ngokufanayo, kepha imishini isishintshe kakhulu, isuka emilenzeni yokhuni eya ku-carbon fiber engcono kakhulu evumelana nezidingo zabadlali. Ezemidlalo zadlula ezinguquko ngenxa yobuchwepheshe obusha obuthola indlela yabo emdlalweni wanamuhla. AbakwaFanbase baphinde bashintsha, basuka kwezemidlalo ebekelwe amalungu omphakathi aphezulu kuphela ukuba yinto yomhlaba wonke etholakala kubantu abajwayelekile abafuna ukudlala noma ukujabulela ukubuka. Futhi, abalandeli abaningi babamba iqhaza ekubhekeni kumapulatifomu afana nesigxobo, asakaze izwi nokwenza umdlalo udume emhlabeni wonke. Futhi akuwona nje ama-ratiar athuthukile, kodwa futhi namabhola, izicathulo namanye amagiya ezemidlalo anomthelela ekudlaleni, okwenza ithenisi elinye lezemidlalo elibhekwe kabusha yisayensi kanye nezinto ezintsha.
Inkathi yokhuni
ITennis yathandwa ngasekupheleni kwawo-1800s lapho ezemidlalo kanye nemishini yayilula kakhulu. Ama-rakets enziwe ngokhuni oluqinile, okwabenza basinda kakhulu ukuba babambe. Futhi, leyo ndawo emicubeni lapho abadlali kudingeka bashaye khona ukuthola amaphuzu kwakuncane kakhulu, ngakho-ke abadlali bekufanele bagxile ekushayweni kwebhola endaweni efanele kunokuba bagxile ngejubane nenqubo. Izintambo zenziwa ngamathumbu enkomo, ezazizwele ngokwanele ukuba zinikeze abadlali umuzwa omuhle wokuthi indawo emnandi ikuphi. Kodwa-ke, amafutfu wesilwane ayentekenteke kakhulu, ephuka kaningi futhi abadlali kwadingeka ukuthi baqaphele kakhulu lapho beqinisa iracket. Amabhola enziwe ngesikhumba futhi agcwala ukhokho. Ukubuka umentshisi wakudala, njengalawa avela eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule, siyabona ukuthi abadlali bahamba kancane, ngokugxila kakhulu kwisitayela kunokuba ngejubane. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi imishini ayenziwanga ukuthi ixhase kanzima ukushaywa kwebhola, nezinsizakusebenza zabadlali ekuguquleni ithenisi kumdlalo we-nener. Amaphoyinti amade ayesemongomeni womdlalo, ngoba abadlali abakwazanga ukukhokhela ama-Wordes anamandla noma abuye. Futhi, amagiya we-tennis ahilela iziketi ezinde zamantombazane, futhi acishe avumelane namagiya amanenekazi. Bahamba nomusa nobuhle, ngaphandle kokuhamba okusheshayo kanye nezimsobho ezingazelelwe. Namuhla, lolu hlobo lokudlala luzoba buthuntu futhi lube nesikhashana sabalandeli abaningi, kodwa emuva ngosuku, ithenisi lalibhekwa njengomdlalo wabalite, lapho bonke abadlali belashwa ngenhlonipho enkulu.
Ukushintshwa okukhulu kokuqala
Ushintsho lokuqala olukhulu lufike ngawo-1960s lapho abakhiqizi beqala ukuzama ngama-rakets akhishwe ngensimbi, i-aluminium ngqo. Kubavumele ukuba benze ama-rakedi akhanyayo anamakhanda amakhulu ayenembile futhi anamandla amakhulu. Le mishini emisha eqinile yathatha ama-raketi akhule ngokhuni ngokushesha futhi yaba yindinganiso etheneni. Omunye wabaduni bezinsimbi ezaziwa kakhulu kwakuyiWilson T2000, eyenziwe ethandwa yi-tennis legend Jimmy Connors. Washaya amabhola ngamandla amakhulu, edlula isibhamu esinolaka sababhekeli kubaphikisi bakhe. Akubanga isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuba abanye abadlali baqale ukusebenzisa ama-aluminium rackets ukuthuthukisa umdlalo wabo, yize abanye abasubathi bakudala baqhubeka nokugcizelela ababokiwe.
Amabhola we-tennis nawo abhekana nezinguquko ezinkulu. Esikhundleni sesikhumba, amabhola enziwe ngama-synthetics futhi agcwele irabha ukuze awanikeze i-bounce enkulu futhi ehlala njalo. Lezi zinguquko ziguqulwe ngokuphelele ithenisi. Ukufana kwaba kuthakazelisa ngokwengeziwe ngamakhonsathi aqinile kanye nembuyiselo esheshayo eyadonsela abalandeli abaningi kuma-Grandpands. Abadlali baqala ukucabanga kabusha amasu abo ngokususelwa emgqeni wenkantolo ngenkathi bethatha ama-raketi abalula namabhola asheshayo. Abathandi be-tennis baphakanyiswa ngendlela entsha yokudlala futhi baqala ukubamba iqhaza ngokwengeziwe emdlalweni ngokuhlala ngaphezulu kwemincintiswano yethenisi kanye nokungahambi kahle. Yonke imidlalo yadlula eguqukayo, kusuka kuma-raketi kanye namabhola kuya kwisithakazelo esikhulayo sabalandeli.
Ukukhuphuka kwezinto ezihlanganisiwe
Ukusungulwa kugcinwe ukushayela umhlaba we-tennis kwabanye ama-rackets aqhekeka okwenziwe kusuka kugrafu, i-fiberglass, nefayibha yekhabhoni. Lawa ma-rackets ayenzima, anikeza abadlali ukulawula ngokwengeziwe ibhola nokukhanya okwabenza bafiseleka kakhulu ngamaphuzu amade. Lo mdlalo waba nolaka ngokwengeziwe, ucindezela abadlali be-tennis emkhawulweni wabo wenyama nangokwengqondo.
Ngama-rakedi amasha, abadlali bangadonsa ngokushesha futhi bafake i-spin ethe xaxa, okwenza umdlalo othokozisayo abalandeli. ITennis yaba ngumdlalo odume umhlaba wonke, aqoqa izigidi zabalandeli kuwo wonke amazwekazi. Ama-graphite rackets washeshe waba yindinganiso, futhi imikhiqizo efana nePrince, inhloko, noBbolat baqala ukuhola indlela kuma-rackets aklanyelwe amakhanda aklanywe ngamakhanda amakhulu kanye nemishayo ebanzi evumela abadlali ukuthi bahlole izitayela ezahlukahlukene zokudlala. Wonke umdlali unesitayela esihlukile, futhi abakhiqizi baqiniseka ukuthi bane-racket ngayinye. Abanye abadlali bathanda ukugijimela inetha kaningi, kanti abanye bakhetha ukudlala kusuka kusisekelo, futhi bobabili bane-racket ephelele yohlobo lwabo lomdlalo. Yize izintambo zazisenziwa ngama-guts ezilwane, ubuchwepheshe obusha bezintambo zokwenziwa kwavela. Abanye abadlali bahlala bethembekile ezintanjeni zemvelo, kanti abanye bathola inani elikhulu kwabanalo ukulawula namandla lapho beshaya ibhola. Izintambo zokwenziwa zazihlala isikhathi eside, eshibhile futhi abadlali zingasenza ezabo ukuhlanganiswa ukuze bafike kuleyo racket ephelele evumelana kangcono nesitayela sabo.
Iminyaka yanamuhla
Igiya lanamuhla leTennis likhale kakhulu kusuka kuma-rakethi lokhuni namabhola e-cork. Imishini esetshenziswa ngabadlali iwumphumela wocwaningo lwesayensi nokuhlolwa okuthatha amashumi eminyaka ukuphelela.
Ama-rackets enziwe nge-carbon fiber futhi ahlolwe kuma-lab ukuze adale okukhanyayo kepha aqine. Futhi, eminye yemikhiqizo emishini ye-tennis engcono kakhulu ihambe ngenye isinyathelo futhi ingeze izinzwa ezingalinganisa ijubane lokusebenza, namandla okushintshana futhi ithumele kuhlelo lokusebenza leselula. Lokhu kulungele abaqalayo abadinga ukuba nesithombe esicacile salokho abakwenzayo kahle nokuthi yini edinga umsebenzi owengeziwe. Ngokuya ngezintambo, ekugcineni sasho kamnandi emathunjini ezilwane. Abadlali kulezi zinsuku banamakhulu ezinketho ongakhetha kuzo ezisuselwa ekudlaleni kwabo noma ezidingweni zomdlalo olandelayo. Namuhla, sinezintambo ezenzelwe amandla, spin, zilawule, induduzo, nakho konke okuphakathi, nabasubathi abaningi besebenzisa ukusetha kwe-hybrid, ukuxuba izinhlobo ezahlukene zezintambo zokusebenza okungcono. Amabhola weTennis adlula emithethweni ethile eqinile ukuze aqiniseke ukuthi wonke amabhola afanayo. Ngakho-ke lapho ubona abadlali be-tennis emiqhudelwaneni enkulu bekhetha ngokucophelela ukuthi iyiphi ibhola elilungile ukudlala nalo nokuthi uzobuya kanjani, uyazi ukuthi lokho kungumkhuba noma inkatho nje. Wonke amabhola afana, ikakhulukazi kuma-slam amahle, lapho wonke amabhola azosetshenziswa okusha. Izicucu zeTennis zaba lula futhi zithambile, zivumela abadlali ukuthi bashintshe ngokushesha ijubane. Izicathulo ezahlukene zenzelwe indawo ehlukile, ukusiza abadlali ukuthi bagweme ukulimala futhi baqhubeke ngokushesha okukhulu. Eminye imikhiqizo ine-cushioning ekhethekile ngaphakathi ukuze anciphise izinhlungu kumalunga ngaphandle kokunciphisa abadlali phansi.
Izingubo ezihlakaniphile
Ubuchwepheshe obugqokekayo buyi-hit entsha entsha emidlalweni eminingi, kufaka phakathi ithenisi. Abadlali basebenzisa ama-smartwatches nezinzwa ukulandelela ijubane labo, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, amakhalori ashisiwe, nokuqina okuphelele. Lawa mathuluzi abonakala ebaluleke kakhulu kubaqeqeshi ukuthi manje abanesithombe esicacile sokusebenza kwabadlali kanye nezindawo ezidinga umsebenzi owengeziwe. Ubuchwepheshe busetshenziswa nabaqeqeshi bokuqina kanye nezezimali eziphethe impilo yonke yabadlali. Abanye abasubathi abaqeqeshiwe basebenzisa amasudi okuthwebula ama-Motion Capture ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa, esingabatshela ukuthi yimiphi imisipha ebekezelela ukucindezela kakhulu ngesikhathi semivimbo, izivunguvungu kanye nezinguquko ezisheshayo zejubane. Ubuchwepheshe obusha buvule umnyango wezitayela zanamuhla zokufundisa. Manje, abaqeqeshi akudingeki ukuthi babe nomdlali ukuze bazi ukuthi yini edinga ukuthuthuka, kodwa kunalokho bangahlaziya idatha kuwo wonke amadivayisi bese beqhamuka necebo lokuwina. Futhi bangabheka izibalo zomdlalo futhi banikeze izeluleko ngaphandle kokushiya izwe lakubo. Le ndlela yedijithali yabadlali abaqeqeshiwe isizojaba kakhulu ngoba isusa izindleko ze-Logistics elusizo kakhulu kubadlali abasha abalwela ukungenela abayi-100.
Ubuchwepheshe bushintshe kanjani umdlalo
ITennis ifike ibanga elide emashumini eminyaka ambalwa edlule. Ukufana manje sekushesha, amaphuzu afushane, futhi abadlali bashaya kanzima kunangaphambili. Uma ubuka umdlali we-tennis ochwepheshe, ungcono ungabashisi noma uzokuphuthelwa. Ijubane laba abasubathi lifinyelela, kanye namabhola abawaphatha ukuze bawathole, sebephendule. Abadlali manje sebengabuyisela ibhola ngama-engeli athile angakholeki okwakungenzeki ngaphambi kwama-rakets wokhuni nakwensimbi.
Ukuqina kungenye yezihloko ezikhuluma ngezihloko ezweni leTennis. Abadlali sebephenduke imishini esheshayo evulayo, evumelana nezimo futhi enamandla kunangaphambili, ecindezela imizimba yabo emikhawulweni kuyo yonke imidlalo. Futhi, ezinye izici ezaxoxwa ngazo ngaphambili futhi manje ziba yisizinda sokunakwa zizolala kahle, umsoco ocebile nempilo yengqondo. Abadlali be-amateur bathathe amanothi abavela kochwepheshe futhi baqala ukusebenzisa yonke ubuchwepheshe obusha enkambisweni yabo yokuqeqesha. Ngisho nezingane ezisanda kuqala ukushaya elinye lalawo mabhola amakhulu ezenziwe nje ngabadlali abasha be-tennis, basebenzisa abaqeqeshi bokuqina kanye nezokudla okunempilo ukubahola. Futhi, izinhlobo zemikhiqizo zenze ama-rackets akhethekile ezingane alula ukulawula futhi kulula ezihlahleni zawo ezincane. Zonke lezi zinto ezintsha zenza umdlalo wathandwa kakhulu, uwenze kujabulise wonke umuntu, abantu abadala, izingane kanye nabalandeli abababukele bedlala.
Indima yemikhiqizo
Imikhiqizo emikhulu ye-tennis efana noWilson, ikhanda kanye neBabolat itshale imali kakhulu entweni elandelayo engcono kakhulu emishini ye-tennis. Basebenza nabadlali abaphezulu, abaxhaswa ososayensi, ukudala amagiya ahlangabezana nezidingo zomdlalo wanamuhla, ubuhle obudlula kakhulu, futhi manje seligxile kakhulu ngejubane futhi lithola lonke ibhola ngokuzikhandla okuncane. Kwababetheleleshi abanye, lokhu kwenza ithenisi elinye lezemidlalo lidinga amandla avuthiwe, lishiya ubuhle obukhohlweni emuva. Abanye bamukela zonke ubuchwepheshe obusha obuvela, bekholelwa ukuthi kuzohola lezemidlalo ngendlela efanele ngokuyigcina ihambelana nesehlakalo sezemidlalo esishintshayo. Imikhiqizo yezemidlalo, ngakolunye uhlangothi, iyaqhubeka nokuncintisana emisebenzini emisha, izama ukuletha okungcono kakhulu nobuchwepheshe bamuva kubo bonke abadlali, abaqeqeshiwe kanye nokuzilibazisa. Zonke izizukulwane zabasubathi abakhethi zinokuthile okusha ukujwayela ukuze bathuthukise ukudlala kwabo. Lezi zinkampani zisebenza kanzima ukuletha ithenisi ezilalelini ezibanzi. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ukudlala ithenisi, njengoba nje ne-amateur, kungabiza kakhulu, okwenza ukuthi amagiya wezobuchwepheshe asanda kufinyeleleka kuwo wonke umuntu abe yinhloso yawo eyinhloko. Futhi, amadili wokuxhasa, imikhankaso yokukhangisa, nezinhlelo ze-junior Development Izinhlelo ziqinisekisa ukuthi umdlalo uyaqhubeka nokukhula, futhi akukho mntwana esele ngemuva ngoba ngeke akhokhele ukudlala. Wonke umuntu uthola ukuzama ithalente lakhe enkantolo esebenzisa imishini emisha.
Ukusimama kanye nekusasa lamagiya we-tennis
Ubuchwepheshe buletha imiphumela emibi engafuneki ukuthi wonke umuntu ukhathazekile ngayo. Umthelela emvelweni uqashelwe futhi izinkampani eziningi manje sezifuna izindlela zokwenza amagiya e-tennis asimeme ngokwengeziwe. AmaRackets enziwe ngezinto ezisetshenziswayo, athambisa ukushaya iplanethi, futhi amabhola we-tennis enziwa ngepulasitiki elingaphansi ngethemba lokunciphisa amathemba. Lesi ngesinye nje sezenzo zakamuva ezivela emphakathini we-tennis ukuze zibe nesibopho semvelo ngokwengeziwe. Eqinisweni, abasubathi abaningi abakhethekile baqhamuke nemibono yokwakha izintambo ze-biodegradable kanye namathuluzi okuqeqesha anamandla elanga.
Ngaphandle kokuba nebhekele endabeni kamama, izinhlobo zemikhiqizo zibheke ukwenza ama-rakethi ahlakaniphe. Ihlakaniphe kanjani? I-Smart ngokwanele ukutshela abadlali amaphutha amakhulu womphikisi nokuthi ungagxilisa kuphi amandla akhe. Okwamanje, lokhu kusesizinda sangemuva sesayensi, kepha ngejubane lamanje lokuzalwa, singabona okuthile okufana nalokhu okwenzeka esikhathini esizayo esiseduze.
